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Add a page to compare the different self-hosting ways
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Alexandre Aubin
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4 changed files with 172 additions and 6 deletions
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* Discovering self-hosting
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* [What is Self-hosting](/selfhosting)
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* [What is YunoHost](/whatsyunohost)
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* Before installing
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* [Try YunoHost](/try)
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* [Choosing hardware](/hardware)
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* [About the friendliness of internet service providers](/isp)
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* [How to host yourself](howtohostyourself)
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* [Choosing hardware](/hardware)
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* [About the friendliness of internet service providers](/isp)
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* [Installing YunoHost](/install)
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* [On a regular computer](/install_iso)
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* [On a dedicated or a virtual private server](/install_on_vps)
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* Découvrir l'auto-hébergement
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* [Qu'est-ce que l'auto-hébergement](/selfhosting_fr)
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* [Qu'est-ce que YunoHost](/whatsyunohost_fr)
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* Avant de se lancer
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* [Essayer YunoHost](/try_fr)
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* [Matériel compatible](/hardware_fr)
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* [À propos des fournisseurs d'accès internet](/isp_fr)
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* [Choisir son mode d'hébergement](howtohostyourself-fr)
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* [Matériel compatible](/hardware_fr)
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* [À propos des fournisseurs d'accès internet](/isp_fr)
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* [Guide d’installation](/install_fr)
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* [Sur un ordinateur "standard"](/install_iso_fr)
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* [Sur un serveur dédié ou virtuel (VPS)](/install_on_vps_fr)
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83
howtohostyourself.md
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83
howtohostyourself.md
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# How to host yourself ?
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You can host yourself at home (on a small computer), or on a remote server. Each solution has their pros and cons :
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### At home, for instance on an ARM board or an old computer
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You can host yourself at home with an ARM board or a re-purposed regular computer, connected to our home router/box.
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- **Pros** : you will have physical control on the machine and only need to buy the hardware ;
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- **Cons** : you will have to [manually configure your internet box](isp_box_config) and [might be limited by your ISP](isp).
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### At home, behind a VPN
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A VPN is an encrypted tunnel between two machines. In practice, it allows to make it "as is" you were connected to the Internet from somewhere else. This allows to still host yourself at home while bypassing possible limitations from your ISP. See also [the Internet Cube project](https://internetcu.be/) and [the FFDN](https://www.ffdn.org/).
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- **Pros** : you will have physical control on the machine, and the VPN hides your traffic from your ISP and allows to bypass its limitations ;
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- **Cons** : you will have to pay a monthly subscription for the VPN.
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### On a remote server (VPS or dedicated server)
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You can rent a virtual private server or a dedicated machine to [associative](https://db.ffdn.org/) or commercial "Cloud" providers.
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- **Pros** : your server and its internet connectivity will be fast ;
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- **Cons** : you will have to pay a monthly subscription and won't have physical control on your server.
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### Summary
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<table class="table">
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th></th>
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<th style="text-align:center;">At home<br><small>(e.g. ARM board, old computer)</small></th>
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<th style="text-align:center;">At home<br>behind a VPN</th>
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<th style="text-align:center;">On a remote server<br>(VPS or dedicated)</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td style="text-align:center;">Hardware cost</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="warning" colspan="2">About 50€ <br><small>(e.g. a Raspberry Pi)</small></td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="success">None</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="text-align:center;">Monthly cost</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="success">Neglictible<br><small>(electricity)</small></td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="warning">Around 5€ <br><small>(VPN)</small></td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="warning">Starting at ~3€ <br><small>(VPS)</small></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="text-align:center;">Physical control<br>on the machine</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="success">Yes</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="success">Yes</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="danger">No</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="text-align:center;">Manual port <br>routing required</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="warning">Yes</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="success">No</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="success">No</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="text-align:center;">Possible ISP limitations</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="danger">Yes <br><small>(see [here](/isp))</small></td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="success">Bypassed by VPN</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="success">Typically no</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="text-align:center;">CPU</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="warning" colspan="2">Typically ~1 GHz</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="success">~2 GHz <br><small>(Digital Ocean droplet)</small></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="text-align:center;">RAM</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="warning" colspan="2">Typically 500 Mo or 1 Go</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="warning">Related to server cost</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="text-align:center;">Internet connectivity</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="warning" colspan="2">Depends of home connectivity</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="success">Typically pretty good</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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83
howtohostyourself_fr.md
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83
howtohostyourself_fr.md
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# Choisir son mode d'autohébergement
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Vous pouvez vous auto-héberger à la maison (sur un petit ordinateur), ou sur un serveur distant. Chaque solution a ses avantages et inconvénients :
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### À la maison, par exemple sur une carte ARM ou un ancien ordinateur
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Vous pouvez vous hébergez chez vous, sur une carte ARM ou un vieil ordinateur, connecté à votre box internet.
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- **Avantages** : vous aurez un contrôle physique sur la machine et avez seulement besoin d'acheter le matériel initial ;
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- **Inconvénients** : il vous faudra [configuré manuellement votre box internet](isp_box_config) et serez possiblement [limité par certains aspects de votre fournisseur d'accès internet](isp).
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### À la maison, derrière un VPN
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Un VPN est un tunnel chiffré entre deux machines. En pratique, cela permet de faire "comme si" une machine était connecté depuis ailleurs. Ceci permet de s'auto-héberger à la maison tout en contournant les limitations du fournisseur d'accès internet. Voir aussi [le projet Brique Internet](https://labriqueinter.net/) et [la FFDN](https://www.ffdn.org/).
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- **Avantages** : vous aurez un contrôle physique sur la machine, et le VPN permettra de cacher votre traffic vis-à-vis de votre FAI ainsi que de contourner ses limitations ;
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- **Inconvénients** : il vous faudra payer des frais mensuels pour le VPN.
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### Sur un serveur distant (VPS ou serveur dédié)
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Vous pouvez louer un serveur privé virtuel ou une machine dédiée à des hébergeurs [associatifs](https://db.ffdn.org/) ou commerciaux.
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- **Avantages** : votre serveur sera rapide et la connectivité internet sera bonne ;
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- **Inconvénients** : il vous faudra payer des frais mensuels pour la machine, et vous n'aurez pas de contrôle physique dessus.
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### Résumé
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<table class="table">
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th></th>
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<th style="text-align:center;">À la maison<br><small>(e.g. carte ARM, vieil ordi)</small></th>
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<th style="text-align:center;">À la maison<br>derrière un VPN</th>
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<th style="text-align:center;">Sur un serveur distantr<br>(VPS ou dédié)</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td style="text-align:center;">Coût matériel</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="warning" colspan="2">Autour de 50€ <br><small>(e.g. un Raspberry Pi)</small></td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="success">Aucun</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="text-align:center;">Coût mensuel</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="success">Negligeable<br><small>(electricité)</small></td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="warning">Autour de 5€ <br><small>(VPN)</small></td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="warning">À partir de ~3€ <br><small>(VPS)</small></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="text-align:center;">Contrôle physique<br>sur la machine</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="success">Oui</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="success">Oui</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="danger">Non</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="text-align:center;">Routage manuel <br>des ports</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="warning">Oui</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="success">Non</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="success">Non</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="text-align:center;">Limitation possibles <br >par le FAI</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="danger">Oui <br><small>(voir [ici](/isp))</small></td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="success">Contournées par le VPN</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="success">Généralement non</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="text-align:center;">CPU</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="warning" colspan="2">Généralement ~1 GHz</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="success">~2 GHz <br><small>(droplet Digital Ocean)</small></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="text-align:center;">RAM</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="warning" colspan="2">Generalement 500 Mo ou 1 Go</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="warning">En fonction du prix</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td style="text-align:center;">Connectivité internet</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="warning" colspan="2">Dépends de la connexion</td>
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<td style="text-align:center;" class="success">Géneralement bonne</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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