3.9 KiB
Couchdb-dump (& restore)
It works on LINUX/UNIX, Bash based systems (MacOSx)
Bash command line script to EASILY Backup & Restore a CouchDB database
- Needs bash (plus curl, tr, file, split, awk, sed)
- Dumped database is output to a file (configurable).
Quickstart (& quickend)
- Backup:
bash couchdb-dump.sh -b -H 127.0.0.1 -d my-db -f dumpedDB.json -u admin -p password
- Restore:
bash couchdb-dump.sh -r -H 127.0.0.1 -d my-db -f dumpedDB.json -u admin -p password
Why do you need it?
Surprisingly, there is not a straightforward way to dump a CouchDB database. Often you are suggested to replicate it or to dump it with the couchdb _all_docs directive.
But, using the _all_docs directive provides you with JSON which cannot be directly re-import back into CouchDB.
Hence, the goal of this script(s) is to give you a simple way to Dump & Restore your CouchDB database.
NOTE
Attachments in Database documents are only supported in CouchDB 1.6+
Usage
Usage: ./couchdb-dump.sh [-b|-r] -H <COUCHDB_HOST> -d <DB_NAME> -f <BACKUP_FILE> [-u <username>] [-p <password>] [-P <port>] [-l <lines>] [-t <threads>] [-a <import_attempts>]
-b Run script in BACKUP mode.
-r Run script in RESTORE mode.
-H CouchDB Hostname or IP. Can be provided with or without 'http(s)://'
-d CouchDB Database name to backup/restore.
-f File to Backup-to/Restore-from.
-P Provide a port number for CouchDB [Default: 5984]
-u Provide a username for auth against CouchDB [Default: blank]
-- can also set with 'COUCHDB_USER' environment var
-p Provide a password for auth against CouchDB [Default: blank]
-- can also set with 'COUCHDB_PASS' environment var
-l Number of lines (documents) to Restore at a time. [Default: 5000] (Restore Only)
-t Number of CPU threads to use when parsing data [Default: nProcs-1] (Backup Only)
-a Number of times to Attempt import before failing [Default: 3] (Restore Only)
-c Create DB on demand, if they are not listed.
-q Run in quiet mode. Suppress output, except for errors and warnings.
-z Compress output file (Backup Only)
-T Add datetime stamp to output file name (Backup Only)
-V Display version information.
-h Display usage information.
Example: ./couchdb-dump.sh -b -H 127.0.0.1 -d mydb -f dumpedDB.json -u admin -p password
Bonus 1! Full Database Compaction
In the past, we've used this script to greatly compress a bloated database. In our use case, we had non-sequential IDs which cause CouchDB's B-Tree to balloon out of control, even with daily compactions.
How does this fix work? When running the export, all of the documents are pulled out in "ID Order"- When re-importing these (now sorted) documents again, the B-Tree can be created in a much more efficient manner. We've seen 15GB database files, containing only 2.1GB of raw JSON, reduced to 2.5GB on disk after import!
Bonus 2! Purge Historic and Deleted Data
CouchDB is an append-only database. When you delete records, the metadata is maintained for future reference, and is never fully deleted. All documents also retain a historic revision count. With the above points in mind; the export and import does not include Deleted documents, or old revisions; therefore, using this script, you can export and re-import your data, cleansing it of any previously (logically) deleted data!
If you pair this with deletion and re-creation of replication rules (using the 'update_seq' parameter to avoid re-pulling the entire DB/deleted documents from a remote node) you can manually compress and clean out an entire cluster of waste, node-by-node. Note though; after creating all the rules with a fixed update_seq, once completed to the entire cluster, you will need to destroy and recreate all replication rules without the fixed update_seq - else, when restarting a node etc, replication will restart from the old seq.